温县份行行青泉净水材料厂

 石墨增碳剂

       石墨增碳剂在各种增碳剂中，品质最好的 石墨增碳剂。
制造 石墨增碳剂主要原料是粉状的优质煅烧石油焦，在其中加沥青作为粘结剂，再加入少量其他辅料。各种原材料配合好以后，将其压制成形，然后在2500～3000℃、非氧化性气氛中处理，使之石墨化。经高温处理后，灰分、硫、气体含量都大幅度减少。
  性质：   石墨粒是由石墨原料经过筛分而成的粒状结构色泽为银灰或黑色。
   粒度：   常用粒度有0-3mm、0-6mm、0-15mm、1-5mm、2-5mm、1-6mm等，还可以根据客户的具体要求不同规格的产品。
  用途：   主要用于炼钢增碳剂、耐火材料，高温材料和电极糊等原料。

关于铸铁行业常用的几种增碳剂的成分和堆密度，表3列出了一些典型的测定数据，供参考。
表3 常用增碳剂的成分和堆密度(典型的测定数据，供参考)
增碳剂 碳含量（%） 灰分（%） 水分（%） 挥发分（%） 硫（%） 氮（%） 氢（%） 堆密度的概略值（g/cm3）
     人造石墨 99.2 0.4 0.20 0.10 0.05 0.005 ― 0.84
鳞片石墨 85.3 13.2 0.06 0.44 0.35 0.060 ― ―
煅烧石油焦(中硫) 96.5 0.4 0.40 0.30 1.50 0.600 0.15 0.77
煅烧石油焦(低硫) 98.3 0.4 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.080 0.04 0.800
干燥焦炭 87.7 9.0 0.30 1.00 1.00 1.000 ― 0.64
优质
无烟煤 90.0 2.5 2.00 3.5 0.25 0.600 1.10 0.64
沥青焦 97.0 0.5 0.50 0.5 0.4 0.700 0.20 0.55

增碳剂的原料有很多种，生产工艺也各异。并非市面上说采用石墨粉剂经压制成型，这种生产方式需要添加过多的粘结剂成型，含碳量一般达不到优质增碳剂的要求。压制后的石墨粉，因为是固体块状，没有多孔隙结构，所以吸收速度和吸收率不如煅烧、焙烧成型的增碳剂。优质增碳剂一般指经过石墨化的增碳剂，在高温条件下，碳原子的排列呈石墨的微观形态，所以称之为石墨化。石墨化可以降低增碳剂中杂志的含量，提高增碳剂的碳含量，降低硫含量。
　　增碳剂在铸造时使用，可大幅度增加废钢用量，减少生铁用量或不用生铁。目前绝大多数增碳剂都适用于电炉熔炼，也有少部分吸收速度特别快的增碳剂用于冲天炉。电炉熔炼的投料方式，应将增碳剂随废钢等炉料一起往里投放，小剂量的添加可以选择加在铁水表面。但是要避免大批量往铁水里投料，以防止氧化过多而出现增碳效果不明显和铸件碳含量不够的情况。增碳剂的加入量，根据其他原材料的配比和含碳量来定。不同种类的铸铁，根据需要选择不同型号的增碳剂。增碳剂特点本身选择纯净的含碳石墨化物质，降低生铁里过多的杂质，增碳剂选择合适可降低铸件生产成本。
　　海关HS编码： 38249030 单独列名

Carburizing agent
Agent can be used as the material of cast iron by a lot of carbon, commonly used artificial graphite, calcined petroleum coke, natural graphite, coke, anthracite and paired with the mixture of such materials.
1.Artificial graphite
Above carburizing agent, the quality is the best artificial graphite.
The main ingredient in the manufacture of artificial graphite powder is of high quality calcined petroleum coke, asphalt as a binder in which the increase, then add a small amount of other accessories.With a good variety of raw materials after its molding, and then 2500 ~ 3000 ℃, non-oxidizing atmosphere in the processing, so that graphite.After high temperature treatment, ash, sulfur, gas concentrations are reduced substantially.
As the artificial graphite products are expensive, commonly used artificial graphite foundry by agents are mostly carbon graphite electrode manufacturing the chip, and the graphite electrode scrap pieces of material such as recycling, to reduce production costs.
Smelting iron, in order to make high quality cast iron metallurgy, increase carbon, preferably selected from the artificial graphite, for which the best use of electric arc furnace steel-making to nearby businesses or producers to buy scrap aluminum electrodes to the requirements of their own broken tabletsdegree.

Graphite particles (by carbon agent)
  Properties: graphite material graphite particles is made of granular structure after screening for the silver or black color.
  Fixed carbon: the carbon content according to different products can be divided into 70%, 75%, 78%, 80%, 83%, 85%, 88%, 90% of the various grades.
  Size: common size with 0-3mm ,0-6mm ,0-15mm ,1-5mm ,2-5mm ,1-6mm, etc., can also be different according to the specific requirements of our customers specifications.
  Uses: mainly used in steel-making increase carbon refractories, high temperature materials and electrode paste and other raw materials.
2.Petroleum coke
Petroleum coke is widely used carburizing agent.
Petroleum coke is a by-product of refining crude oil, crude oil often pressure distillation or vacuum distillation residue obtained and asphalt, can be used as raw material for manufacturing petroleum coke, and then received by the petroleum coke after coke.Petroleum coke production capacity of crude oil used in about less than 5%.United States, the annual production of petroleum coke is about 30 million t.Petroleum coke in the high impurity content, can not be directly used as a carburizing agent, must first undergo a calcination treatment.
Oil Jiaoyou Hai spongiform Health, needle, granular and flow and other varieties.
Sponge-like petroleum coke is delayed coking method were used, because of which the higher sulfur and metal content, is usually used as fuel when the calcination can also be calcined petroleum coke as a raw material.The calcined sponge coke, primarily used for making aluminum and carbon used by agents.
Needle coke is the use of high aromatic content, low impurity content of raw materials, obtained by the delayed coking method.This coke is easy to break the needle-like structure, sometimes referred to as graphite coke, calcined after the manufacture of graphite electrodes used.
Was hard granular granular petroleum coke, sulfur and asphaltene is high content of raw materials, with delayed coking method were mainly used as fuel.
Fluid petroleum coke, is in continuous fluid bed coking method were used, showed a small granular structure without directionality, high sulfur content, low volatile.
Calcined petroleum coke is to remove sulfur, water, and volatile.Raw petroleum coke calcined at 1200 ~ 1350 ℃, can it be essentially pure carbon.
Calcined petroleum coke is the largest user of the system Aluminum, 70% of the bauxite used to make to restore the anode.U.S. production of calcined petroleum coke, carbon agent for cast iron by about 6%.
All the general components of petroleum coke products are listed in Table 1, for reference.
Table 1 approximate the various components of petroleum coke products (%)
Varieties of fixed carbon volatile sulfur ash water
Petroleum coke 85 ~ 89 1 ~ 6 0.2 ~ 0.5 10 ~ 14 8 ~ 10
Calcined Petroleum Coke 98.5 0.02 ~ 3.5 0.2 ~ 0.5 0.3 ~ 0.5 ≤ 0.5
Synthetic carbon products 99 0.01 ~ 0.03 0.1 ~ 0.5 - ≤ 0.5
Low-sulfur synthetic carbon products 99.9 0.01 ~ 0.03 0.01 ~ 0.03 - ≤ 0.2

3.Natural graphite
Natural graphite flake graphite and ceramics can be divided into two types of graphite.
Microcrystalline graphite with high ash content, generally do not have to iron carburizing agent.
There are many varieties of flake graphite: carbon flake graphite Xu Yong chemical extraction, or heated to high temperatures to which the oxide decomposition, volatilization, which yield little flake graphite, high prices, are generally not as carburizing agent; carbon scalesgraphite in the ash content was high, should not be used as a carburizing agent; as carburizing agent is mainly of carbon graphite, but the amount is not more.
The general composition of natural graphite in Table 2.
Table 2, the approximate composition of natural graphite (%)
Varieties of fixed carbon volatile sulfur ash water
Graphite 85 ~ 95 0.1 ~ 0.7 5 ~ 15 1 ~ 2 -
Microcrystalline graphite 60 ~ 85 0.1 ~ 0.2 20 0.5 40 1 ~ 2

4.Coke and anthracite
Electric arc furnace steel-making process, with additional time in loading coke or anthracite as a carburizing agent.Because of its high content of ash and volatile, rarely used for induction furnace melting of cast iron by carbon agent.
Several commonly used on the iron industry, the composition and increase carbon, bulk density, Table 3 lists some typical measured data for reference.
Table 3 commonly used by agents of the composition of carbon and bulk density (typically measured data, for reference)
Increase carbon carbon content (%) Ash (%) Moisture (%) Volatile (%) Sulfur (%) Nitrogen (%) Hydrogen (%), the approximate value of bulk density (g/cm3)
Artificial Graphite 99.2 0.4 0.20 0.10 0.05 0.005 - 0.84
Graphite 85.3 13.2 0.06 0.44 0.35 0.060 - -
Calcined petroleum coke (sulfur) 96.5 0.4 0.40 0.30 0.15 0.77 1.50 0.600
Calcined petroleum coke (low sulfur) 98.3 0.4 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.04 0.800 0.080
Dry coke 87.7 9.0 0.30 1.00 1.00 1.000 - 0.64
Quality
Anthracite 90.0 2.5 2.00 3.5 0.25 0.600 1.10 0.64
Pitch coke 97.0 0.5 0.4 0.700 0.5 0.50 0.20 0.55